GRAMMAR VOCABULARY JOURNAL
GRAMMAR
Grammar is a set of linguistic habits that are constantly being negotiated and reinvented by the entire group of language users.
PRESCRIPTIVISM VS. DESCRIPTIVISM
Prescriptivism - a language should follow a set of rules. Common established patterns. Formal
Descriptivism - how people actually use language. Tracks innovations. Gives insight into how our minds workd.
Lexical approach - promotes the leanring of frequently used and fairly formulaic expressions ( Have you been....Would you like) rather than the study of rather abstract grammatical categories.
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VOCAB
Subtitle
0110
Lexical approach - promotes the learning of frequently used and fairly formulaic expressions ( Have you been....Would you like) rather than the study of rather abstract grammatical categories.
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Item Learning - memorization of individual items such as words and phrases
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Experiential Learning - learning by doing
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Form-Focused Instruction -Ch. 22
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Forms of language - include the organizational components of language and the systemic rules.
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Grammar - refers to sentence-level rules
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Discourse rule s- refers to the rules governing the relationship
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Dimensions of language: 1) grammar 2) semantics (meaning) 3) pragmatics
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Variables:
1) age
2) Proficiency Level
3) Educational Background
4) Language Skills
5) Style
6) Needs & goals
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Interlanguage - version of language which a learner has at any one stage of devlopement.
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0120 - Vocab
Suprasegmental - phonological property of more than one sound segment. Also called nonsegmental.
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1. Rhythm (suprasegmental stress patterns) (time)
a. The relationship between stressed and unstressed syllables
b. Patterns of combination of stressed and unstressed syllables
c. The liaison or other phonological structures (assimilation, deletion, etc.)
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2. Intonation (suprasegmental melody) (time + space)
a. Pitch contours; break indexes (time)
b. The intonation units; the pitch accent (time + space)
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3. Declination (suprasegmental melody) (time + space) a. Declination of statements (time + space) b. Down-step slopes (time + space)-
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Top-down strategies - focus on the big picture and general meaning of the text. This strategy relies on students knowing something about the topic.
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Bottom-up strategies - focus on listening for details. Involves tasks that focus on understanding at a sound or word level. Intensive and focus on looking for particular details.
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Discourse structures - organization of text
a) cause - effect
b) problem - solution
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Density- refers to the amount of information in the text. The less redundancy present, the more demanding listening is.
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Delivery modes:
a) live talk
b) recordings
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Suggestopedia - a methology which involves the teacher reading long texts to relaxed students.
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Strategies for listeners:
1) Cognitive strategies - strategies used in order to complete an immediate task
2) Metacognitive strategies - related to learning in general and often have long term benefits
3) Socio-affective strategies - concerned with the learners' interaction with other speakers and their attitude towards learning.
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UNIT 4 ASSIGNMENT
This assignment is designed around the use of proper and common nouns. It includes the links to videos, as well as a google slide presentation